Association between porpoise presence and fish choruses: implications for feeding strategies and ecosystem-based conservation of the East Asian finless porpoise

The associations between feeding activities and environmental variables inform animal feeding tactics that maximize energetic gains by minimizing energy costs while maximizing feeding success. Relevant studies in aquatic animals, particularly marine mammals, are scarce due to difficulties in the observation of feeding behaviors in aquatic environments. This data scarcity concurrently hinders ecosystem-based fishery management in the context of small toothed-cetacean conservation. In the present study, a passive acoustic monitoring station was deployed in an East Asian finless porpoise habitat in Laizhou Bay to investigate potential relationships between East Asian finless porpoises and their prey. The data revealed that porpoises were acoustically present nearly every day during the survey period. Porpoise detection rates differed between spring and autumn in concert with activities of fish choruses. During spring, fish choruses were present throughout the afternoon, and this was the time when porpoise vocalizations were the most frequently detected. During autumn, when fish choruses were absent, porpoise detection rates decreased, and diurnal patterns were not detected. The close association between fish choruses and finless porpoise activities implies an “eavesdropping” feeding strategy to maximize energetic gains, similar to other toothed cetaceans that are known to engage similar feeding strategies. Underwater noise pollution, particularly those masking fish choruses, could interrupt finless porpoises’ feeding success. Fisheries competing soniferous fishes with finless porpoise could impact finless porpoise viability through ecosystem disruption, in addition to fishing gear entanglement.     

中美动物源微生物耐药性监测对比研究

抗微生物药物在保障动物健康和食品安全方面发挥了重要作用,为了应对日益严峻的微生物耐药性问题,动物源微生物耐药性监测是应对微生物耐药性风险的重要防控策略。在“同一健康体系”工作框架下,中国和美国积极进行动物源微生物耐药性监测。本文通过对比研究中美动物源微生物耐药性系统的监测设计、监测对象和监测数据应用情况,结合我国畜牧兽医行业现状,立足我国动物源微生物耐药性监测客观需求,旨在为我国动物源微生物耐药性监测工作提供参考。     

杜仲栽培技术

从苗木培育(包括播种育苗、根扦插法育苗和嫁接育苗)及丰产林(包括皮用丰产林和叶用丰产林)的营造、抚育管理、病虫害防治、采收等方面叙述了杜仲的栽培管理技术。     

黄波罗育苗中混雪层积时间及保留密度研究

对辽宁东部山区黄波罗播种育苗的混雪层积时间和保留密度进行了研究。结果表明:随混雪层积时间增加,黄波罗种子发芽率和出苗率呈上升趋势,混雪层积145d的发芽率和出苗率最大,分别达到81.35%、64.59%;1年生幼苗保留密度为100株·m-2时,Ⅰ级苗单位产量达到最高。     

覆土厚度对油松出苗的影响

为了解不同覆土厚度对油松出苗率和出苗指数的影响,进行了油松育苗随机区组试验。结果表明:当播种深度为0.5cm时,出苗率和出苗指数最高;随着覆土厚度的增大,幼苗出苗率也相应降低,当覆土厚度超过2.5cm时,几乎不能出苗。建议生产中油松播种覆土厚度保持在0.5~1.0cm。     

市级土地利用总体规划实施评估研究--以湖南省邵阳市为例

指出了第三轮土地利用总体规划目前已实施7年,随着新情况、新形势的出现,规划也出现了一些不适应性。探讨了土地利用总体规划实施监测评估体系的构建,并提出了相关建议,对规划的继续实施以及对新一轮规划的修编均能提供一定的参考依据。     

播种时期对蒙古栎不同类型苗木出苗和生长的影响

以蒙古栎种子为材料,研究播种时期对蒙古栎不同类型苗木出苗和生长的影响,结果表明:蒙古栎在秋季不同时间播种的出苗率均在60%以上,但以早期(9月下旬)播种的出苗率最高(大于80%),早期播种的苗木在苗高、地径、侧根数、根体积和根生物量等指标上都明显要高于其它播种时期,蒙古栎在秋播裸根育苗时应适时早播;秋季播种的容器苗在所有观测的形态指标上均好于春季播种的容器苗,秋季容器育苗质量更高。     

基于亚像元分解与增强的MODIS卫星林火监测图像制作

为提高低空间分辨率遥感影像在卫星林火监测部门的应用质量,获取更准确的火灾信息,制作可视效果更好、便于基层部门使用的卫星林火监测图像。本研究以2013年2月6日云南省大理市黄家村森林火灾为背景,研究了一种基于亚像元分解与增强技术的卫星林火监测图像制作技术。结果表明,通过亚像元分解与增强技术,对空间分辨率低的气象卫星遥感图像进行处理,可得到空间分辨率为30 m的图像产品,能够将低分辨率遥感影像处理成超分辨率的遥感影像图像。该技术可应用于林火监测部门发布相关的监测图像。